I.

I. INTRODUCTION

Our republic consists of a national management and fifty state controls Each has its own constitution as well as separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The powers and limitations of each conduct are established and defined by the agency of its constitution. Concomitantly, the judicial branch of each sway is charged with interpreting its constitution as required in particular cases.

These fundamental principles are central to any discussion of the propriety of "independent state constitutional interpretation," similar as that ...

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